Background: Vitiligo is an acquired multifactorial disorder. Different treatments are used for it and all of them have adverse side-effects. Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease associated with other autoimmune diseases such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and so on. In these diseases, deficiency of vitamin D and B12 are proposed. So in this study, treatment response and remission in patients taking oral vitamin D and B12 was administered.Methods: 60 patients with active vitiligo were randomly divided into three groups. Group I received topical PUVA for 6 months; group II received topical PUVA and 1 cc oral drops of vitamin D3 daily for 2 months, and then topical PUVA alone for following 4 months; and group III received topical PUVA and 1 cc oral drops of vitamin D3 daily and sublingual tablets of vitamin B12 daily for 2 months, and then treated with topical PUVA for following 4months. Cure rate and side effects were evaluated using Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) at the third and sixth months. Findings: In each of the three treated groups at different times, the average changes in the area and extent of the lesion were not significantly different. Pruritus and erythema occurred in some patients.Conclusion: In this study, the reduction in the extent and area of lesions in the group receiving vitamin D compared to the control group were higher that indicated the role of vitamin D in preventing progression of active vitiligo.

Introduction: Major depression is one of the most common psychological disorders that exert a high impact on the life of patients and their families. There are many treatment methods for depression. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of cognitive-behavior therapy and drug therapy on improvement of major depression.Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was performed in Semnan (Iran) in 2008. 56 Patients with major depression were selected and assigned into 4 groups. All of the patients completed the Beck test and a demographic questionnaire before start of interventions as pretest. The post test was completed after the end of intervention.Results: Findings showed that all of the methods have significant effects on improvement of depression, but combined therapy (cognitive behavioral therapy+drug therapy) is the best (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to findings of this work, we suggest that team work approach consists of psychologists and heart Psychiatrists can be suggested for treatment of the patients with depression.

Background and objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with diet therapy and analytical psychotherapy (AP) combined with diet therapy on weight loss and impulsivity in obese people.Methods and Materials: The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design, with a control group and a three-month follow-up. The research population included all people suffering from obesity who referred to the psychological and diet therapy centers of the 3rd and 7th districts of Tehran between the first of July and the second half of August 2023; 52 eligible people were included in the study and were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. Deta Were collected using the of impulsivity inventory (Dickman,1990) and analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni test.Results: The effect of time, the effect of group and the interaction effect of time and group on weight loss and impulsivity variables were significant(P<0.0001). In the two intervention groups cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with diet therapy and analytical psychotherapy (AP) combined with diet therapy, there was a significant difference in the average scores of weight loss and impulsivity in the pre-test-follow-up(P<0.0001) stages; However, no significant difference was observed in the average scores of weight loss and impulsivity in the post-test-follow-up stages. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with diet therapy and analytical psychotherapy combined with diet therapy has a significant effect on the weight loss and impulsivity in obese people.

Background: Chronic diabetes is substantially associated with circulatory disorders in lower limbs. Vacuum-Compression Therapy (VCT) has been commonly used in treatment of peripheral circulatory disorders. VCT is based on intermittent alteration of Positive- Negative pressure phases. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of VCT on diabetic subjects' peripheral blood flow.Methods: In this Before-After and case-series study, 18 type 2 diabetic subjects with diabetic neuropathy and/or peripheral vascular disease (PVD) completed the study. Subjects received 45 min of VCT for 10 sessions three times weekly. Blood flow (calf+foot) was measured via venous occlusion plethysmography.Results: Among Variables of "Arterial Inflow", "Venous Outflow", "Venous Capacity", "Postischemic Reactive Hyperemia" and "Peak Flow of Reactive Hyperemia", only "Venous Outflow" significantly improved after 10 sessions treatment via VCT (P<0.05).Conclusions: Arterial blood inflow, which was the most important determinant evaluated in this study, was not increased via VCT. Additional studies are required to investigate the effective VCT parameters and duration of each session and number of sessions, considering progressive and deteriorative natural history of diabetes.

Heart disease-cardiovascular, cancer and obesity are the main causes of death and there are direct relationship between the consumption of high-fat foods and the incidence of these diseases. Therefore the demand for low-fat food products and probiotics has been dramatically increased. In this study, the effect of different levels of three hydrocolloids (inulin, chitosan and xanthan) at three levels (1, 2 and 3%) on survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus, physicochemical and sensory properties of yogurt during 15 days of storage was explored using a combined design. Increased levels of inulin and chitosan positively affected La-5 count, apparent viscosity, acidity and sensory scores during storage. Using graphical method of optimizing (overlaid contour plots), optimum ratios were: inulin 93.4%, xanthan 0.6% and chitosan 6%.

Aims: In sports activities, the structure of the upper body plays a very important role and is often the target of various kinds of injuries that harm the body. This study aimed to determine the effect of combined therapy manipulation on upper extremity injuries. Materials & Methods: This experimental study with a randomized pre-test and post-test design was conducted on 60 people who experienced upper extremity injuries from February 14 to March 14, 2022. Subjects were divided into four groups, including three treatment groups (sports massage manipulation, trigger point manipulation, and chiropractic manipulation) and one control group. The treatment was carried out at the Gauging Massage Medical Manual Therapy practice in Yogyakarta. The degree of strain was measured using a Visual Analogue Scale. Multivariate Analysis of Variance was used to determine the effect of giving combined therapy manipulation on pain intensity in all groups of research subjects. Findings: The administration of the combined therapy manipulation significantly reduced the intensity of strain-induced pain in all treatment groups of sports massage, trigger point, and chiropractic compared to the control group (p=0. 001). Conclusion: All combined massage manipulation groups, including sports massage, trigger point, and chiropractic can reduce pain intensity 15 minutes after treatment, and there is no significant difference between these three groups in reducing pain intensity.